Socket的由来

Socket的概念最早由Berkeley UNIX提出；

专门用来处理在网络上传输数据的过程；

Socket自提出以来一直就是网络应用程序最重要且应用最为广泛的技术；

通过Socket概念进行网络联机，可以避免处理切割数据封包、分段传输与数据重组等繁复的细节

引用Socket

System.Net.Sockets命名空间主要包括Sockets网络通信应用程序的相关类：

Socket类

TCPClient类

TCPListener类(监听)

UDPClient类

NetworkStream类(通讯过程中,进行流化转换的一个类)

SocketException类

Socket类的方法

Bind方法(服务器的ip地址和端口号绑定)

Accept方法(服务端接受客户端请求)

Connect方法(客户端请求服务点)

Send方法和SendTo方法

Receive方法和ReceiveFrom方法(接受对方传送信息)

Close方法和Shutdown方法(关闭连接)

接下去我们通过一个服务端和客户端的例子来了解一下Socket带给我们的便捷

我们先看一下效果图 , 当服务端启动后 , 客户端填写和服务端相同的端口号 , 并且把服务端的IP地址填写正确 , 就达到了我们今天的效果

服务端代码

public partial class Server : Form

{

delegate void ControlChangeHandler(string msg1,string msg2);

private int port;

private Socket mySocket;

private Socket myAcceptSocket;

public Server()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void StartListen()

{

port = Convert.ToInt32(this.txtPort.Text.Trim());

try

{

mySocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

mySocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("本机IP地址"),port ));

mySocket.Listen(10);

string msg = "等待Socket客户联机中...";

this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(this.onChange), new object[] {msg,"" });

}

catch (SocketException ex)

{

MessageBox.Show(ex.Message );

}

}

private void Accept()

{

byte[] data = new byte[1024];

int length;

try

{

string msg = "开始接受客户端的联机请求，接收联机信息......";

this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(this.onChange),new object[]{msg,""});

myAcceptSocket = mySocket.Accept();

length = myAcceptSocket.Receive(data );

msg = "接收了" + length.ToString() + "个字节的数据";

string msg1 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data);

this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(this.onChange ),new object[]{msg,msg1});

}

catch(SocketException ex)

{

MessageBox.Show(ex.Message );

}

}

private void onChange(string msg1, string msg2)

{

if (msg1 != "")

{

this.txtConnection.Text += msg1 + "\r\n";

}

if (msg2 != "")

{

this.txtAccept.Text += msg2 + "\r\n";

}

}

private void btnListen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.StartListen));

th.IsBackground = true;

th.Start();

}

private void btnAccept_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.Accept ));

th.IsBackground = true;

th.Start();

}

}

客户端代码

public partial class Client : Form

{

delegate void ControlChangeHandler(string msg1, string msg2);

int port;

IPAddress address;

private Socket mySocket;

public Client()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void StartConnection()

{

port = Convert.ToInt32(this.txtPort.Text.Trim());

address = IPAddress.Parse(this.txtAddress.Text.Trim());

try

{

mySocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp );

mySocket.Connect(address,port );

//mySocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(address,port ));

string msg = "联机至远程Socket.........";

this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(this.onChange), new object[] { msg,""});

}

catch (SocketException ex)

{

MessageBox.Show(ex.Message );

}

}

private void Send()

{

byte[] data=new byte[1024];

int length;

try

{

data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(this.txtSend.Text.Trim() );

length = mySocket.Send(data);

string msg = "传送了" + length.ToString() + "字节的数据";

this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(this.onChange), new object[] { msg, "" });

}

catch (SocketException ex)

{

MessageBox.Show(ex.Message );

}

}

private void onChange(string msg1, string msg2)

{

if (msg1 != "")

{

this.txtConnection.Text += msg1 + "\r\n";

}

if (msg2 != "")

{

this.txtSend.Text += msg2 + "\r\n";

}

}

private void btnConnection_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.StartConnection ));

th.IsBackground = true;

th.Start();

}

private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.Send ));

th.IsBackground = true;

th.Start();

}

}